Displacement apparatus



Jan. l5, 1929. v 1,699,327

A. c. DURDIN, .JR

DISPLACEMENT APPARATUS Filed Aug'. 2, 192e 2 Sheets-Sheet l lig. f'

Q67 f2.2 l

Jan. 15, 1929.'v 1,699,327

A. c. DURDIN, JR

DISPLACEMENT APPARATUS Filed Aug.'2, 192s 2 sheets-sheep 2 `Patented Jan. 15, 1929.

UNITED STATES .AUGUSTUS C. DUBDIN, JR, F CHICAGO, ILLINOGIS.

DISPLACEMENT APPARATUS.

Application led August 2, 1926. Serial No. 126,494.y

This invention relates to displacement a paratus and its principal object is to simplity and otherwise improve upon apparatus of this character. The invention has particular 'reference to that type oi displacement apparatus which employs a rotor revolving in a casing, in combination with an endless liquid body, which maintains its Aterm under the action oit a centrifugal force and co-acting with the rotor to form one or more air chambers, through which air, gas or other fluid uioved laterally from the inlet side to the discharge side ot' the apparatus. -Another object of the present invention is to increase the capacity of displacement apparatus of a given size and to otherwise increase its eliticiency. Another object is to eliminate the necessity oi' mechanically operated valves or ports, to eliminate costly bearings and to reduce the machine work to a minimum.

lVith these and other objects and advantages in view, this invention consists in a displacement apparatus embodying a rotor termed with peripherally arranged and transversely extending channels or conduits in combination with a casing having one or more non-concentric portions, and a body of liquid, acted upon by the rotor an d traveling in the space between rotor and casing, the inner 'face of the-body of liquid defining one wall ot each chamber and forming with the rotor, transverse or spirally arranged7 rotating conduits or passage ways through which the fluid to be pumped, is moved laterally from the inlet side to the discharge side of the apparatus. The invention further consists in the several novel features of construction, arrangement and combination ot parts hereinafter fully set vforth and claimed. The invention is clearly illustrated in the drawings accompanying this specification, in which:

Fig. 1 is a view, part-ly in centra-l, vert-ical, longitudinal section, and partly in elevation, or displacement apparatus embodying a simple form oit the presentinvention; Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a detail, vertical, cross section, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a view, partly in horizontal section and partly a plan, of the apparatus, partly broken away, and Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the rotor in a diiierent position. Referring to said drawings, which illustrate a simple embodiment ot' the present invention, the reference character designates a casing, which as shown, comprises an endless wall 11 and two heads 12 bolted or otherwise secured thereto.` The casing is provided with a b ase or other suitable mountinglO. 4At one side of the endless Wall 11 is an inlet `port or passage 13 for the air, gas or other `semicircular in shape and non-concentric with respect to shaft 15 and form an oval structure, the major axis being along the vertical line. Instead of making the upper and lower halves of the casing non-concentric, the

casing maybe made cylindrical and eccentric to the shaft, or several non-concentric curved portions may be provided as is found desirable. One important feature of the present invention resides in the fact that more than one non-concentric portion of the casing may be used with a stationary casing.

Keyed orotherwise rigidly mounted on the drive shaft 15 is the rotor 17. In its present form said rotor embodies two rotor members 18 connected to rotate in unison and constructed substantially similar to each other except that the spiral luid propelling members are nset at opposite angles as will appear more fully, later on in the course of this specication. In the :form shown, the rotor is formed with two hubs 181 that are secured to the drive shaft, and from said hubs radiate spokes 191, the outer ends of which are connected by a cylindrical member 19, which extends from one hub to the other. Secured upon the outer ends of the cylindrical member 19 are the two rotor members 18, and as shown said rotor members are formed with cylindrical walls1 20 and radial flanges 21 that extend to and are secured upon the cylindrical member 19. Projecting from 'the cylindrical wall 2() of each rotor member 18 are blades or webs 22, 23, which extend spirally around the outer face of the cylindrical wall 20 and forni between them, trough like spirally arrangedconduitsor`passage-ways24. The spiral blades or webs of one rotor member run in one spiral direction around the outer face of its cylindrical wall 20, and the spiral blades or webs of the other rotor member run in the opposite direction but preferw ably at the same angle of inclination. The ends of the blades or webs terminate at the sides of the rotor members, thereby leaving ports or openings to the passage-ways 2st. at the sides of the rotor members, through which air, gas or other fluid ma enter and leave the spiral `passa,g,e-ways in a ateral direction. ln the present instance, the inlet port 13 of the apparatus is located between the two rotor members, and the fluid, which enters through said inlet port, enters the spiral passage-ways 24; at the sides of the rotor members which are adjacent each other, and is discharged from said spiral passage-ways at the outer or far sides of the rotor members. rlhe discharge side of one of the rotor members, communicates directly with the discharge passage 1st of the apparatus while the discharge side of the other rotor member communicates with the space in the casing between said rotor member and the adjacent head 12. The fluid in said space between the rotor member and head 12, is free to pass, between the spokes 191 of the cylindrical member 19 and through said cylindrical member and escape through the discharge passage 14. A

A body of water or other liquid 25 is einployed in connection with the casing and rotor for obtaining the pumping action. A water or other liquid supply pipe 26 is provided, preferably at the top of the casing, through which the necessary amount of liquid may be supplied for operating the apparatus. Said supply pipe opens to the casing between two annular bullies or walls 27 located between the two rotor members, and a passageway 2S is provided between said annular baffles or walls 27 at their lower ends, which passage-way connects the 'two halves of the casing and permits water to flow from one-half to the other. nlat-er or other liquid, which is introduced through the supply pipe 26, falls into the annular space between the two baffles or walls and overflows both walls and enters the chambers on each side thereof.

In the operation of the apparatus, when the rotor is revolved, the body of liquid thrown outward against the endless wall 11 of the casing by the centrifugal force and assumes a ring like or endless shape, defined by the inner face of the wall ll. For imparting the centrifugal action to the vater, the rotor members are provided with transverse paddles 29 which extend between the spiral blades or webs 22, 23, said paddles being arranged near the outer edges of the blades or webs and being spaced away from the outer faces of the cylindrical walls 2() of the rotor members. It will be observed from Figs. 2 and 3, that when the liquid is in motion, its inner face or wall parallels the inner face of the endless wall 11 of thev casing, and when the proper amount of liquidhas been admitted to the apparatus for its operation, the inner face of the water contacts with the outer faces,

of the cylindrical rotor walls 20 of the rotor members along the horizontal or minor airis, but recedes from said cylindrical walls `2O, between said contacting places, thereby forming, in conjunction with said cylindrical rotor walls 20, chambers 3l), which in the present form are somewhat of crescent shape forma tion. The blades 22, 23 are submerged more or less in the liquid so that the inner face of the body of liquid and the outer faces of the cylindrical rotor walls 20, together with the blades or webs 22, 23, forni spiral, liquid sealed, fluid propelling channels or conduits, leading from one side of each rotor member toward the other side and coincident with said air chambers 30, having inlet ports between the ends of the blades or webs at one side of the rotor member and discharge ports between the other ends of the blades or webs at the opposite side of each rotor member.

lnasniuch as the apparatus maybe used for linunping water, or air, or gases and water, a discharge pipe 31 is provided below the discharge port 1st. of the apparatus through which any excessive amount of water which enters the apparatus may be discharged.

In the operation of the apparatus the rcvolving endless liquid body co-acts with each member of the rotor to form one or more cavities or clian'ibers 30, through which the fluid, to be pumped, is moved laterally from one side of each rotor member to the other side thereof. lVhen the rotor is rotated and the endless liquid body is thereby revolved, the incoming fluid is free ,to enter the foremost portions of the spiral passageways,

through the open sides ofthe cavities or chainbers 30, while the foremost ends of the spiral blades are passing across the open sides of said chambers, and as said ends of the spiral blades travel across said space they narrow the entrance to said passageways 2a and finally become wholly submerged in the liquid, thereby trapping the fluid in that part of the pasago-way cio-incident with the eres cont shaped cavity or chamber 30, and as the rotor continues to rot-ate, the fluid thus trapped is moved laterally across the iotor due to the action of the spiral blade thereon much like the action of the blade of an ordinary screw conveyor. The fluid is finally discharged at the discharge sides of the rotors as soon as the outer ends of the spiral blades commence to travel across the open discharge side of the crescent shape cavities or chanr bers. The discharged fluid on the right hand side of the apparatus, as viewed in Fig. l, passes through the hollow member 19 of the rotor and escapes through the discharge passage 14 while the fluid discharged from the rotor member at the left escapes directly through said discharge port.

The apparatus may be used, as a 'rotary pump, or as a vacuum pump, or as an an' compressor, or for other purposes. VIt is very useful as a vacuum pump in connection with heating plants, as it is especially serviceable in removing air, gas and water of condensation from heating systems, although it may be used in other situations where a displacement apparatus is required. lVith the use of oppositely disposed rotor members, end thrust is eliminatedand very simple bearings may be employed for the drive shaft. Because of the stationary casing a plurality of air chambers 30 may be formed in the same casing. It is operated economically and has great capacity for pumping fluids` and it is very eiiicient in operation.

More or less variation of the exact details of construction is possible without departing from the spirit of this invention; I desire, therefore, not to limit myself to the exact form of the construction shown and described, but intend, in the following claims, to point out all of the invention disclosed herein.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. In a displacement apparatus, the combination of a stationary casing having inlet and discharge ports, a body of liquid in said casing, subjected to the. action of centrifugal force, and a. rotor rotatively and non-concentrically mounted in said casing and forming with said stationary casing a chamber having contract-ing end portions, said rotor having a spirally arranged fluid propelling member at its circumference, and submerged more or less in said body of liquid, and forming therewith a conduit extending in a direction leading from the inlet side towards the discharge side of said rotor, and paddles extending entirely across said conduit from side to side, there being a liquid controlled inlet port to said conduit at one side of said rotor and a liquid controlled discharge port at the other side thereof.

2. In a displacement apparatus, the combination of a rotor, a stationary casing therefor having inlet and discharge port-s and a plurality of non-concentric portions disposed around said casing, and forming with said rotor a plurality of non-concentric chambers, and a body of liquid in said casing, subjected to the action of centrifugal force by said rotor, there being a channel in said rotor arranged circumferentially about the same and running transversely thereof and having an inlet port at one side and a discharge port at the other side of said rotor, and paddles extending entirely across said channel from side to side, said body of liquid coacting with said channel to form a water sealed, fluid-moving conduit, having liquid controlled inlet and discharge ports.

3. In a displacement apparatus, a combination of a rotor, a stationary casing therefor having inlet and discharge ports, said stationary casing being non-concentric with respect to said rotor and forming therewith a chamber having contracting end portions, and a body of li uid in said casing subjected to the action oll centrifugal force by said rotor, there being a spirally arranged channel in the circumference of said rotor extending from one side thereof to the other and opening outward laterally of the rotor,`and paddles extendingentirely across said channel, said body of liquid co-acting with said channel to form `a spirally arranged fluid moving conduit, the ends of which are opened and closed by the body of liquid.

4. In a displacement apparatus, the combination of a rotor, a stationary casingtherefor, having inlet and discharge ports and a plurality of non-concentric portions, forming with said rotor a plurality of chambers havi ing contracting end portions, and a body of liquid in said casing subjected to the action of centrifugal force bylsaid rotor, said rotor having a spirally arranged channel, opening outward at the sides of the rotor and coacting with said body of li uid toform a spiral conduit, the ends of said channel being opened andclosed by said body of water, and paddles extending entirely across saidvchannel from side to side. j l

5. In a displacement apparatus, the combination with a stationary casing having a single inlet port and a single discharge port,

`of a rotor mounted on a singleshaft to rotate within said casing and being non-concentric with respect thereto, and `forming therewith a chamber having contracting end portions, said rotor comprising two rotor members, each formed with spirally arranged channels at its periphery, the channel of one rotor member being oppositely inclined with respect to the other, the discharge side of one rotor member opening to the discharge port of the casing and there being a passageway through the motor connecting the discharge side of the other rotor member with the discharge port of the casing, and a body of liquid in said casing subjected to the action of centrifugal force b acting with the channe s of said rotor members to form spiral, liquid sealed, fluid conduits, the ends of which are opened and closed by said body of liquid.

6. The combination with a stationary casing of a rotor mounted to rotate within said casing and being non-concentric with respect thereto, said rotor havingcircumferentially arranged passage-ways running transversely of the rotor, and paddles extending entirely across sai-d passage-ways, and an endless body of liquid revolving in 'said casing intermediate the rotor and casing wall, said` body of liquid co-acting with said rotor to form conduits extending circumferentially around the saidrotor and col rotor for moving fluid from one side of the rotor to the other.

7. The combination with a stationary eas ing, of a rotor mounted to rotate therein and being non-concentric with respect thereto, and forming With said Casin g a chamber having contract-ing ends, said rotor having a sp'irally arranged trough like passage-Way on its periphery and extending from one side of the rotor to t-he other side thereof, and paddles extending entirely across said passageway from side to side, and an endless body of liquid revolving in saidcliamber in the casing intermediate the rotor and easing Wall, and co-ope 1ating with said spiral passageway of the rotor to form a spiral, Water sealed, fluid conduit.

8. The combination with a stationary casing, of a. rotor mounted to rotate therein and being non-concentric with respect thereto, and forming with said casing a chamber having contracting ends,said rotor having spirally arranged blades on its periphery which divide said periphery into a spiral trough, having an inletopening at one side and a discharge opening at the other side of the rotor, and paddles extending entirely across said spiral passage-way and spaced from the periphery of said rotor, and an endless body of liquid in said chamber and subjected to the action of centrifugal Jforce by said rotor, and cooperating with said rotor and its bla-des to form a spirally arranged liquid seal, luid conduit.

9. The combination with a stationary cas# ing, 0f a rotor mounted toI rotate therein and being non-concentric with respect thereto,

and forming With said casing a chamber having contracting ends, said rotor having spirally arranged blades on its periphery divid ing the same into a spiral passage-Way havn ing an inlet at one side of the rotor and a discharge 4at the other side thereof and paddles extending entirely across said spiral passage- Way and arranged circum'ierentially around but spaced away from the rotor body and secured to said blades, and an endless body oi liquid in said chamber, subjected to the act-ion et centrifugal force, said blades of the rotor beil'ig submerged in the body of liquid and torming with the inner :tace with said body of liquid and the periphery of the rotor, a liquid sealed, spirally arranged, fluid con` duit.

l0. The combination with a stationary oval easing, of a rotor joui-nailed to rotate therein and being noaconcentric With respectthereto, and forming therewith chambers having contracting ends, said rotor having rotor members, each having a spirally arranged passage leading from one side oli' the rotor member to the other side thereof, the passage way of one rotor member extending in a direction opposite to that of the passage Way of the other rotor member, and paddles eX- tending entirely across said passage-amy, and an endless body of liquid revolving in said chambers of the casing intermediate the rotor members and casing Wall, said body of liquid and rotor members forming oppositely inclined spirally arranged, liquid sealed, fluid conduits.

AUGUSTUS C. DURDIN, JR. 

